
WRITING-BASED ROUTINES for LEARNING  
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Classroom Action Research Report 
The STRUCTURES
TM
 instructional routine 
Writing to Win® is a set of three routines for writing based learning. Schools have used 
them separately or together for over 20 years with significant results. 
UNDERSTANDINGS
TM
: short writing to learn core standards 
STRUCTURES
TM
 for the extended writing process 
PATTERNS 
TM
: teaching grammar through writing 
Current data for STRUCTURES
TM
 appears here. While the hallmarks of implemen-
tation are in-class demonstrations and online monitoring of student and teacher prac-
tices, a STRUCTURES
TM
 routine includes: 
  Five key practices of teaching and learning 
  More than a dozen modes of writing in argumentative/opinion, informative/ 
explanatory and narrative genres 
  Organizational wall charts and instructional tools 
The writing tasks are  
  Responses or analyzes of reading texts 
  Multi-paragraph drafts 
  Paced (25-30 minutes a minimum of twice a week) 
  Focused on quality of writing style, ideas and organization. 
Average Learning Retention Rates established the power of writing to solidify what 
students learn. The likelihood that learning new knowledge will solidify ranges from  
  Observing a demonstration 
  Participating in a discussion 
  Writing a version of the knowledge